Burner apparatus



Dec. 17, 1929. H. T. GERDES ET AL 1,740,296

BURNER APPARATUS Filed Oct. 20. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l mum.

5 6! fredi? $0551 aim ATTORNEY 1 1929. H. T. GERDES ET AL BURNER APPARATUS Filed Oct. 20. 1.928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 XNVENTOR Hrnry T. Gerda: fllfffll Sc/1141101171 ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 17, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE HENRY T. G-ERDES, OF LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA, AND ALFRED F. SCHU MANN, O1? BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS TO HAUCK MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF

BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK BURNER APPARATUS Application filed October 20, 1928. Serial'No. 313,866.

The invention relates to burner apparatus for fluid combustibles; and more especially to apparatus in which either oil or a gaseous combustible may be atomized or suitably mixed with air under relatively low pressure.

In our prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,495,731 we have disclosed a burner wherein oil is discharged through a suitable nozzle into a surrounding" sleeve having an outlet coaxial with said fuel nozzle which sleeve, in turn, discharges into afurther and air-supplying sleeve surroundingits outlet end and movable relatively thereto, the said last-named sleeve being provided with a discharge outlet coaxial with said outlet of the first-named sleeve.

The present invention has for its object, in burner apparatus of this general nature, to effect a more eilicient combustion of the fuel and better control of the character of the flame thereof; also, to so construct the burner that it'may be utilized with either liquid or gaseous fuels.

These objects are attained in the provision of the novel controlling means for the primary air supply whereby there is imparted to the latter more or less of a rotation, as desired; and by subjecting the fuel discharged with said primary air. to a further or secondary supply of air which is caused to rotate in a direction reverse to that of the primary, while the discharge of the intermixture of fuel with primary and secondary air. supplied thereto is met by a third supply caused to rotatein a direction opposite to that of the secondary air supply.

This results in a very intimate mixture of the fuel and necessary air, inserting most satisfactory combustion; and by regulating these various factors, more especially the manner in which the initial air is supplied, the length and character of the resulting flame of the burner apparatus may be adjusted to suit the conditions. This regulation or control is best effected by providing at the inlet of a sleeve, surrounding the fuel supply nozzle coaxially mounted therein, ports and a shutter device for controlling the same, the arrangement being such that the primary air may be'admit-ted to said sleeve solely in a radial direction, solely tangentially thereto, or in various combinations of the two directions.

The nature of the invention, however, will best be understood when described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the. novel burner apparatus, with portions of the walls of the sleeve members broken away to disclose the interior.

Figs. :2 and 3 are respectively front and rear elevations of the burner apparatus, a portion of the sleeves being broken away in the elevation shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4: is a longitudinal section through the burner.

Fig. 5 is an end elevation with the rear plate of the burner apparatus removed and the inlet sleeve shown in vertical section.

Referring to the drawings, the burner is shown to consist of a suitable easing affording the vertically disposed chamber 10 to which a portion of the atomizing gaseous medium, as air under the required pressure, is to be supplied, said chamber 10 continuing as a horizontally disposed chamber 11 of the casing. The latter has extending axially therein a separable sleeve member 12 with constricted outlet 13 which sleeve, in turn, is surrounded by a further sleeve 14, coaxial therewith and serving also to seal oil the chambers 10 and 11, together with a removable end plate 15 located at the rear of the burner.

Sleeve 14, however, is provided with a constricted outlet 16 to receive the discharge from the outlet 13; and the two sleeves are disposed suiiiciently apart at their outlet ends to provide a trapezoidal chamber 17 therebetween. The latter sleeve, moreover,

is fixed relatively to the casing, while the former may be longitudinally adjusted therein by the radially projecting member or handle 18 extending outside the casing through a sealed cam slot 19 thereof to thereby vary the position of the outlets relatively to each other.

Axially disposed within the sleeve 12 and passing through ,the end plate 15 is a fuel supply nozzle 20 plugged at its inner end with a suitable removable block member having a series of outlet ports 21 discharging into an inner constricted portion 22 of the sleeve member 12. The latter, at its inner end, is provided with two ports 25 and 26, Fig. 5, the former being tangentially arranged in the sleeve and the latter radially.

These ports, in turn, are controlled by a surrounding shutter 27 which may be manually oscillated over the said sleeve through a handle member 28 extending externally of the end plate 15 and mounted to swing about the outer portion of nozzle member 20, a sealed slot 29 being provided in the said end plate. It will be noted in this connection that the said end plate carries the inner portion of sleeve 12, the outer portion being separable and adjustable relatively thereto, as aforesaid, and the nozzle member 20 as Well as the shutter 27 and the means for adjusting the same. This makes for convenient accessibilityof the various parts as for cleaning, etc.

In accordance with. the degree of opening of the ports provided by the adjustment of the shutter, the character of the primary air admitted to the interior of sleeve 12 may be varied to suit the character of the flame desired.

For example, the shutter arrangement is 'such that the one port, as the tangential one,

may be entirely closed, the other then being fully opened and in which case a straight, long and narrow flame is attainable. Whereas, if the shutter is so adjusted that the other port is fully opened, a short, broad flame of a fluffy nature will result; and if the shutter is so adjusted that substantially equal openings of both ports are secured, there will result a flame of intermediate characteristics.

By this expedient, a close and varied control of the flame of the burner is had; and the same is further enhanced and modified and a more complete and satisfactory combustion attained in the provision not only of the secondary supply of air through the sleeve 14, chamber 17 and outlet 16, but in the provision of a third or tertiary supply of air as through a further sleeve member 30 secured to the casing of the burner and having an independent connection or vertically disposed chamber 31 for admitting this additionalsupply of air.

A butterfly valve 32 in the inlet 31 for said air controls the volume of this tertiary air supply, which is delivered through an outlet 30 coaxial with the other outlets, and affords thus additional regulation ofthe flame characteristics.

Moreover, a much better intermixture and atomization of the fuel is attained ifthe rotary motion resulting from the control of the primary air through shutter 27 be opposed by a rotary motion of the secondary air supplied through sleeve 14 and the resulting mixture then being met by air from the sleeve 30 and having also a rotary motion, preferably in a direction opposite to the rotary motion of the air delivered by the sleeve 1 These rotary motions of the secondary and tertiary air supplies may readily be attained by providing suitable vanes or fins 33 and 3% between the respective sleeves, as shown, the said fins being properly positioned to correspondingly direct the air passing through the said sleeves and the said chambers.

If desired, this tertiary supply of air may also be preheated in any suitable manner as the same is supplied to the burner entirely independently of the primary and secondary supplies of air. Moreover, the burner as set forth is entirely suitable for the burning of gaseous fuel rather than liquid fuel, as this gaseous fuel may be introduced through the chamber 31, no liquid fuel then being used. In this use of gas thus introduced into the burner, itwillbe observed that the same will not meet air for the combustion thereof except at the point of discharge of said gas from the burner, thereby insuring safety of operation and. conforming to underwriters requirements.

\Ve claim:

1. Burner apparatus, comprising a casing provided with an inlet for air and a longitudinal through chamber communicating therewith, a sleeve axially mounted in the longitudinal chamber and in communication with the interior of said casing at the rear end thereof for afl'ordin a primary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a supply nozzle for fluid combustible mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission ofcair to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to register with corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, and a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the first-named sleeve to afford an annular duct between the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing off at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided with an outlet opening beyond the outlet opening of the first-named sleeve.

2. Burner apparatus, comprising a casing provided with an inlet for air and a longitudinal through chamber communicating therewith, a sleeve axially mounted in the longitudinal chamber and in communication with the interior of said casing at the rear end thereof for affording a primary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a supply nozzle for fluid combustible mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission of air to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to reg istcr with corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the firstnamed sleeve to afford an annular duct be tween the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing off at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided with an outlet opening beyond the outlet opening of the first-named sleeve, and a sleeve member provided with an independent air inlet, secured to the burner casing and mounted coaxially over the second sleeve to afford an annular duct between the second and third sleeve members for a tertiary supply of air, said last-named sleeve member having an out let in proximity to the outlet of the secondnamed sleeve.

3. Burner apparatus, comprising a casing provided'with an inlet for air and a longitudinal through chamber communicating therewith, a sleeve axially mounted in the longitudinal chamber and in communication with the interior of said casing at the rear end thereof for affording aprimary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a sup ply nozzle for fluid combustible mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission of air to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to register with corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the firstnamed sleeve to afford an annular duct between the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing OK at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided with an outlet opening beyond the outlet opening ofthe first-named sleeve, and means within said annular duct to impart a rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve.

4:. Burner apparatus, comprising a casing provided with an inlet for air and a longitudinal through chamber communicating therewith, a sleeve axially mounted in the longi tudinal chamber and in communication with the interior of said casing at the rear end thereof for affording'a primary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a supply nozzle for fluid combustible mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission of air to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to register with corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the first named sleeve to afford an annular duct between the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing off at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided with an outlet opening beyond the outlet opening of the first-named sleeve, and means within said annular duct to impart a rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve in a direction opposite to that which may be imparted to the air issuing from the first-named sleeve and as controlled by the said shutter thereof.

5. Burner apparatus, comprising a casmg provided with an inlet for air and a longitudinal through chamber communicating therewith, 'a sleeve axially mounted in the longitudinal chamber and in communication with the interior of said casing at the rear end thereof for affording a primary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a supply nozzle for fluid combustible mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission of air to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to register with corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the firstnamed sleeve to afford an annular duct between the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing 0d at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided w th an outlet opening beyond the outlet open ng of the first-named sleeve, means within said annular duct to impart a rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve, a sleeve member provided with an 111- dependent air inlet secured to the burner casing and mounted coaxially over the second sleeve to afl'ord an annular duct between the second and third sleeve members for a tertiary supply of air, said last-named sleeve member having an outlet in proximity to the outlet of the second-named sleeve, and means within said last-named duct to impart a. rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve. I a

6. Burner apparatus, comprising a cas ng providedwith an inlet for air and a long1tudinal through chamber communicating therewith, a sleeve axially mounted in the longitudinal chamber and in communication with the interior ofsaid casing at the rear end thereof for affording a primary supply of air, said sleeve having an axial forward outlet, a supply nozzle for fluid combustlble mounted coaxially within said sleeve, means to control the admission of air to the said sleeve and embodying a rotatable shutter member mounted thereover at the rear thereof, said sleeve thereat having radially and tangentially directed inlet ports adapted to register With corresponding apertures of the said shutter, means extending externally of the casing to manipulate the shutter, a second sleeve mounted coaxially about the firstnamed sleeve to afford an annular duct between the two sleeves for a secondary supply of the air and sealing off at its inner end said casing and at its outer end provided With an outlet opening beyond the outlet opening of the first-named sleeve, means Within said annular duct to impart .a rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve, a sleeve member provided With an independent air inlet secured to the burner casing and mounted coaxially over the second sleeve to afford an annular duct between the second and third sleeve members for a tertiary supply of air, said last-named sleeve member having an outlet in proximity to the outlet of the second-named sleeve, and means Within said last-named duct to impart a rotary motion to the air issuing from the outlet opening of said sleeve in a direction opposite to that of the air issuing from the outlet opening of the second-named sleeve.

In testimonywhereof We aflix our signatures.

HENRY T. GERDES. ALFRED F. SCHUMANN. 

